Abstract
A display that effectively utilizes 3-D differential GPS (DGPS) positioning was tested in piloted simulation and on a general aviation aircraft. This glass-cockpit instrument provides a natural, “out the window” view of the world, making the horizon, runway, and desired flight path visible to the pilot in instrument flight conditions. The flight path is depicted as a series of symbols through which the pilot flies the airplane. Altitude, heading, and airspeed are presented, along with lateral and vertical glidepath deviations. The budget, power, and form-factor constraints of light aircraft were addressed. Simulator tests and flight trials on a Piper Dakota aircraft were used to evaluate flight technical error on straight-in approaches flown with the tunnel display and with a typical Instrument Landing System (ILS) needle display. Additionally, the tunnel display provided lateral and vertical guidance on curved missed-approach procedures, for which ILS cannot provide positive course guidance.
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