Abstract
In order to provide a convenient way to strengthen the rotator cuff muscles and prevent rotator cuff injury, this study designed an innovative strength trainer specifically for shoulder rotator cuff based on oscillating hydraulic damping. We carried out a myoelectric testing experiment to evaluate the shoulder rotation training effect and compared the results with traditional training equipment to verify the feasibility and validity of the new rotator cuff trainer (RCT). Then, we further explored the influence of different training postures and motion speeds on shoulder rotation training. In the experiment, subjects used three types of equipment (RCT, dumbbells and elastic bands) to perform shoulder rotation training under two movement speeds and two motion postures. The surface electromyography (sEMG) signals of targeted muscles were collected in real time and then further analyzed. The experimental results showed that when using the RCT, the muscle force generation sequence was more aligned with the biomechanical principles of shoulder rotation than using the other two training methods, and the target training muscles had the higher percentage of muscle work. During RCT training, a higher speed of movement (120°/s) led to a higher degree of muscle activation; coronal axis rotation was better for the infraspinatus training, and sagittal axis rotation was better for teres minor training. Based on these results, the RCT was proved to be more effective than traditional training methods. In order to exercise the different muscles of rotator cuff more comprehensively and extensively, different postures should be selected. Furthermore, the movement speed can be appropriately increased within the safe range to improve muscle activation.
Highlights
Rotator cuff injury is one of the most common and frequent shoulder injuries, accounting for about 17–41% of shoulder joint injuries [1]
teres minor (TM) in the training of the rotator cuff trainer (RCT) has the highest proportion, which is much higher than that of the dumbbells and elastic bands, while the work of anterior deltoid (AD), triceps brachii (TB) and extensor carpi ulnaris (ECU) has the highest proportion when training with dumbbells or elastic bands
In this paper, based on the oscillatory hydraulic damper, an RCT for the rotator cuff muscles is designed, and a safer shoulder training is realized at a low cost
Summary
Rotator cuff injury is one of the most common and frequent shoulder injuries, accounting for about 17–41% of shoulder joint injuries [1] This injury can be caused by sudden sprains, internal deterioration of the tendon, or impaired shoulder stability caused by excessive abduction, manifesting as shoulder pain and limited mobility [2]. The rotator cuff, known as the shoulder rotator cuff, consists of four muscles, including the supraspinatus, the infraspinatus, the scapula, and the teres minor muscle. It plays a key role in the stability of the shoulder joint and the smooth movement of the shoulder joint [3]. A previous study has found that resistance training for the rotator cuff muscles can enhance the muscle strength and tension of the rotator cuff muscles in the scapula plane, prevent tendon degeneration, and effectively improve the stability of the shoulder joint, which can effectively prevent rotator cuff injury and promote recovery of injuries [4].
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