Abstract
The number of tuberculosis (TB) cases increased dramatically in the Russian Federation during the 1990s and the rise paralleled concomitant increases in TB-associated mortality. In November 1998 the WHO US Agency for International Development and CDC in collaboration with the Central Tuberculosis Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Medical Science and the Russian Ministry of Health implemented WHO’s control strategy program of directly observed treatment short-course (DOTS) in three regions. The program was designed to provide comprehensive TB care to both civilian and prison populations within each region (oblast) and periodic cohort analysis of treatment outcomes were recommended to evaluate its progress. This report summarizes evaluations of treatment outcomes for patients enrolled during the first 6 months of the project in Orel oblast and indicates that treatment success rates among TB patients in Orel were high. The findings of the evaluation support the use of DOTS as a control strategy in the Russian Federation.
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