Abstract
BackgroundCardiac auscultation remains an efficient and accessible diagnostic tool, especially in resource-limited countries where modern diagnostic devices like cardiac ultrasound are expensive and difficult to access. However, cardiac auscultation skills of medical students and physicians are declining, mainly because of an ineffective teaching method for this technique. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of a digitally enhanced cardiac auscultation learning method on participants’ theoretical knowledge and auscultation skills.MethodsThis will be a controlled study with two parallel arms (1:1). Participants (fourth-year medical students) will be divided into two groups: an intervention group (receiving additional lectures, clinical internship and audio listening sessions) and a control group (receiving additional lectures and clinical internship). At the beginning of the study, all participants will undergo a pre-test that consist of two parts: a knowledge assessment based on multiple-choice questions and a skills assessment based on recognition of cardiac sounds from audio files. Thereafter, three specific additional lectures on cardiac auscultation will be delivered and all participants will take part in their official clinical internship. During these clinical internships (eight weeks), participants of the intervention group will be invited to two listening sessions based on five digital recordings of heart sounds. At the end of the clinical internship, all participants will be invited to a post-test to evaluate their knowledge, skills and satisfaction according to their learning method. The main outcome will be the participants’ knowledge progression. The other outcomes will be the participants’ skills progression, participants’ total progression and satisfaction. Data will be collected and analyzed in per protocol.DiscussionThis study could contribute to the development of a learning method that takes into account the advantages of the conventional method and the contribution of digital technology. Positive results could lead to improved cardiac auscultation skills among health professionals, especially in developing countries.Trial registrationThe trial is registered on the Pan-African Clinical Trials Registry (http://www.pactr.org) under unique identification number: PACTR202001504666847, registered the 29 November 2019.
Highlights
Cardiac auscultation remains an efficient and accessible diagnostic tool, especially in resource-limited countries where modern diagnostic devices like cardiac ultrasound are expensive and difficult to access
Each assessment will consist of two parts: a knowledge assessment based on multiple-choice questions and a skills assessment based on a test to recognize cardiac sounds from the audio files
The performance of health professionals and medical students in clinical auscultation has declined over the years [7,8,9,10, 12, 13]
Summary
Cardiac auscultation remains an efficient and accessible diagnostic tool, especially in resource-limited countries where modern diagnostic devices like cardiac ultrasound are expensive and difficult to access. Despite the development of many modern diagnostic tools such as cardiac ultrasound, the mastery of auscultation remains a major challenge for health professionals given its effectiveness, efficiency and accessibility, in countries with limited resources [3,4,5,6]. Several studies have shown that the cardiac auscultation skills of medical students and physicians at all levels of training are declining [7,8,9,10,11] This is explained by a decrease in interest in auscultation in favor of new diagnostic tools (echocardiography, MRI, etc.), but above all by an ineffective teaching method for this technique [12, 13]
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