Abstract
The second internal transcribed spacer region of the nuclear ribosomal gene cluster (ITS2). This cluster consists of three genes (18S rDNA, 5.8S rDNA and 28S rDNA) which have transcribed into RNA. Nevertheless, not translated into protein. It is sensitive to detect S. scabiei DNA even after treatment. In addition, this gene can detect genetic variations of species that are related taxonomically. This study aimed to determine and compare the sensitivity and specificity of ITS-2, S. scabiei, genes to the microscopic examination of scabies skin scrapings. In addition, employs, The ITS2 as a powerful tool for studies of intraspecific variation and phylogenies of closely related species. The results of the PCR for the diagnosis of S. scabiei .var .hominis was,(50%) of total sample Frome .25,(50%) mite-positive and 25(50%) mite-negative ,50%,Sensitivity 50% specificity, Positive predictive value (60%),negative predictive value (40%), The sensitivity of the scabies PCR reached between (30% and 60%) globally, ITS-2 region is suitable for phylogenetic studies of astigmatic mites. as this region shows comparatively higher variation between the diverse species of mites and lower distinction within the species. These astigmatic mites are located in the phylogenetic tree based on their genetic features>
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