EVALUATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF DRAINAGE MANAGEMENT IN SOUTH QANTARA SHARQ AREA-EGYPT

Abstract

Subsurface drainage methods were applied for disposing excess soil water by two drainage methods, open and four covered drainage methods. Covered methods based on applying decreasing vertical soil water movement to above. The construction feature as it was applied in the study area for open drainage method, (OD) treatment, the four covered drainage methods were as follows: the first, perforated plastic hose enveloped with gravels and polyethylene textile (CDgt), the second, perforated plastic hose enveloped with geo textile (CDf), the third, perforated plastic hose enveloped with gravels (CDg) and the forth, only perforated plastic hose (CDs). The theory of covered drainage method depends on decreasing vertical movement of wastewater to above layers. Performance evaluation of the subsurface drainage was carried out in terms of two agricultural seasons and comparing with the applied drainage method in the region. Chemical and Physical properties of soil, irrigation and drainage water were measured during the agricultural seasons of 2015-2017 at private farm in south Qantara Sharq area at North Sinai Governorate-Egypt. The methods were evaluated taking into consideration crop-productivity, adding value costs of production unit, decreasing of ground water level, and soil salinity. The results showed that the increment of crops production percentage were (7-9%, 13-15%, 16-19%, 23-26% and 20-22%) for winter and summer crops for OD, CDgt, CDf, CDg and CDs comparing with the applied drainage system in the study area, respectively. Adding value costs of production unit were 28.8, 329.2, 91.3, 229.8 and 73.3 LE/ fad., while ground water levels were 0.78, 1.18, 1.19, 1.24 and 1.21m under the same drained methods, respectively. The best results were achieved with the use of the drainage method CDg.