Abstract
In the process of tunnel construction, the bias of layered rock mass tunnels has always been a prominent problem that troubles the construction and safe operation of tunnels. In this paper, a comprehensive method that combines monitoring technology and discrete element (3DEC) numerical simulation is proposed to analyze the deformation characteristics of the surrounding rock in the layered rock tunnel and the deformation law of the bias tunnel. The results indicate that the tunnel surrounding rock deformation in the study area showed the characteristics of bias. Based on the bias mechanism, the surrounding rock deformation law, the construction deformation control, and the optimization measures of layered rock mass in the bias tunnel were studied by means of combining monitoring technology with discrete element (3DEC) numerical simulation. Based on the research results, appropriate methods for controlling the deformation of the surrounding rock of the tunnel with comprehensive consideration of the anchor rod length, anchor rod angle, and anchor rod layout spacing were proposed. The method proposed in this paper could visually reveal the deformation characteristics of the surrounding rock of layered rock tunnels and the deformation law of bias tunnels. It could also better solve the problem of deformation control in the tunnel construction process. This approach provides a novel idea for special layered rock mass tunnel bias evaluation and deformation control parameter optimization and serves as a valuable reference for analogous engineering cases through engineering case analysis.
Highlights
Tunnel construction, one of the most important “sharp swords” used throughout mountains, has been increasing year by year with the growth of traffic construction demand in Southwest China [1, 2]
Liu et al utilized the bonded-particle method (BPM) to simulate the hydraulic fracturing process in granular materials, and different failure mechanisms were evaluated by analyzing the formation of microcracks [8]
Wang et al quantitatively analyzed the stability of toppling in interlayered rock slopes by using an engineering geology method based on the evolution process [12]. e deformation control methods of tunnels mainly focus on the deformation mechanism, deformation law analysis, deformation control theory and method, and deformation control materials of tunnel bias
Summary
One of the most important “sharp swords” used throughout mountains, has been increasing year by year with the growth of traffic construction demand in Southwest China [1, 2]. Dai et al used finite-element analysis to study the different surface dig angles, the deformation process around the tunnel, and the distribution characteristics of tunnel bolts and the plastic zone, which provided some theoretical basis and construction suggestions for tunnel design under topographic biased pressure [11]. Rough simulating tests of model tunnels with three different bias angles (15°, 30°, and 45°), the dynamic change law and distribution forms of the surrounding rock pressure and lining stress and the failure mechanism of the lining and surrounding rock of shallowly buried tunnels under unsymmetrical loading were studied [15]. Hu et al adopted the methods of theoretical analysis, numerical simulation, and field measurement to study the distribution characteristics of the plastic zone and displacement field of the surrounding rock of the tunnel, and the relationship between the stress distribution, structural plane distribution, and failure characteristics of the surrounding rock was revealed. In this paper, according to the tunnel bias mechanism, appropriate methods for controlling the deformation of the surrounding rock of the tunnel with comprehensive consideration of the anchor rod length, anchor rod angle, and anchor rod layout spacing were proposed. e method proposed in this paper could visually reveal the deformation characteristics of the surrounding rock of layered rock tunnels and the deformation law of bias tunnels and better solve the problem of deformation control in the tunnel construction process. is approach provides a novel idea for special layered rock mass tunnel bias evaluation and deformation control parameter optimization and serves as a valuable reference for analogous engineering cases through engineering case analysis
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