Evaluation and Comparison of Human Chorionic Amniotic Membrane and Platelet-Rich Fibrin in Achieving Bone Formation and Soft Tissue Healing in Extraction Sockets Indicated for Rehabilitation with Implants: A Preliminary Study.

Abstract

To evaluate and compare human chorionic amniotic membrane and platelet-rich fibrin on new bone formation and soft tissue healing in extraction sockets indicated for rehabilitation with dental implants. A prospective, triple blind clinical study was conducted. The inclusion criteria were as follows: patient with two extraction sites each in the same arch, intact buccal bone and soft tissue around the socket, and recommended rehabilitation with dental implants. Postextraction, the sockets were randomly placed with human chorionic amniotic membrane in one site and platelet-rich fibrin in the other site. After 3 months, a trephine drill was used to take a biopsy of the respective sites for soft and hard tissue samples. The outcome parameters that were assessed histologically were percentage of new bone formation and lymphocyte density. After screening 80 patients, eight participants were recruited for the study. The mean percentage of new bone formation in the human chorionic amniotic membrane group was 45.71% ± 4.82%, and for the plasma-rich fibrin group, it was 41.39% ± 6.29%, showing no statistically significant difference (z = 0.99, P = .31). In the human chorionic amniotic membrane group, six out of eight sites had mild lymphocyte density, while the plasmarich fibrin group had equal numbers of mild and moderate lymphocyte density. No statistically significant difference between the groups (Fischer test value = 0.60, P = .25) was noted. Within the limitations of the study, the results showed that there is no difference in the efficiency of human chorionic amniotic membrane compared with platelet-rich fibrin in achieving new bone formation and soft tissue healing in the extraction socket.