Abstract
This paper presents an evaluation and analysis of the deployment of green communication technology in Nigeria. Most base stations in Nigeria uses diesel generators to power their Cell Sites, this has been identified as a problem if not checked because it will continue to add to the Carbon dioxide emission in the atmosphere and hence the depletion of the ozone layer. Green Communication Technology was proposed to solve this problem. Energy deployed are photovoltaic and wind turbine (PV/WT) energy while diesel generator (DG) will still be used as a backup. With the use of hybrid technology (PV/WT/DG), carbon emission will be reduced by 70% or more, efficiency will be achieved.. The results obtained from this research work are based on economics cost, efficiency, power outputs per year and carbon emissions. , in terms of efficiency the DG only system has a mean efficiency output of 8.18% and mean efficiency of 25% while the proposed system has a mean efficiency output of 14.8% and a mean efficiency of 27.5% for PV and 21.3% of WT, electrical production of DG only is 119439kWh/yr while Hybrid Systems (HBS) has electricity production of 124,488kWh/yr, base on life cycle DG only system operate for 3yr and max of 8yrs while HBS operate for 25yrs above, the carbon emissions for DG only system for CO2, CO, NO2 are 75,033, 473, 444kg/yr respectively and HBS for CO2, CO, NO2 is 264, 1.79 and 2.04kg/yr respectively. From the result obtained it can be concluded that the proposed system is better than the existing system, therefore, it can be recommended for GSM operators in Nigeria and any developing nation.
Highlights
Global System for Mobile (GSM) Communications in Nigeria was deployed in 2001, this has brought tremendous growth in the industry because it is possible for GSM users to perform various services using their communications gadget such as internet banking, videos streaming, high-speed internet activities etc
And 4 the results show the electrical production summary and general PV statistics, the major thing to note is the hours of operation per year, from the result PV operated throughout the year, though while operating there may be periods it might not produce a required amount of output to power the system, the system is configured to use backup system which is Genset or Battery to power the system in the time of deficit in the system
This project showcase how sustainable and environmentally friendly hybrid system is, which is based on PV&WT with a diesel generator (DG) set as a backup, which includes some useful component such as Battery converter and Homer cycle controller, which is proposed for a reliable source of power supply for Base Transceiver Station
Summary
Global System for Mobile (GSM) Communications in Nigeria was deployed in 2001, this has brought tremendous growth in the industry because it is possible for GSM users to perform various services using their communications gadget such as internet banking, videos streaming, high-speed internet activities etc. Cost-effectiveness, efficiency, sustainability, and reliability, which are key features of power source requirements for BSs, can be achieved through the exploitation of available energy from solar and wind resources, this is considered a long-term ideal solution for cellular network operators. Because it is freely available in Nigeria, that is, sunlight and wind are the ideal alternatives that can reliably supply power to remote areas. They have been many research work carried out on green energy and almost all have proven to be supporting green energy, either by giving a useful idea or backing of the viability of green energy
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