Abstract
Exposure to ionizing radiation (IR) during diagnostic medical procedures brings certain risks, especially when experiencing recurrent exposures. The fabrication of nano-based composites, doped with different nanoparticles, have been suggested as effective shielding materials to replace conventional lead-based ones in material sciences and nanotechnology. In this study, commercially available fabrics, used to produce scrubs and gowns for clinical staff, are modified utilizing graphene oxide (GO) nanoparticles using a layer-by-layer (LBL) technique. GO was obtained from graphite through environmentally friendly technology by using a modified–improved Hummers’ method without NaNO3. Lightweight, flexible, air- and water-permeable shielding materials are produced that are wearable in all-day clinical practice. The nanoparticles are kept to a minimum at 1 wt%; however, utilizing the LBL technique they are distributed evenly along the fibers of the fabrics to achieve as much shielding effect as possible. The evaluation of samples is accomplished by simulating real-time routine clinical procedures and the radiographic programs and devices used daily. The GO-coated nanocomposite fabrics demonstrated promising results for X-ray shielding.
Highlights
Received: 19 January 2022Radiology has significant diagnostic benefits and is mandatory for a precise treatment plan, but exposure to ionizing radiation (IR) brings certain risks [1]
The characteristic peak of graphene oxide (GO) located at about 2θ = 11.2 nm indicates that the product was oxidized, and that the exfoliation process increased the d-spacing to 0.81 nm (Figure 3) [27]
The current study indicates that the use of nanotechnology offers new possibilities in the production of radiation-shielding materials that are customizable
Summary
Radiology has significant diagnostic benefits and is mandatory for a precise treatment plan, but exposure to ionizing radiation (IR) brings certain risks [1]. Both the National Radiation Protection Board (NRPB) and the International Commission on Radiation Protection (ICRP) confirm that there is no “safe” dose for radiation, and that any tissue exposed has the potential to induce malignant changes [2]. Rectangular collimators are reported to reduce patient IR exposure by 60–80 percent compared with circular collimators, 99.4% of dentists surveyed in 2014–2015 continue to use circular collimation, leading to scatters [5]
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