Abstract
The potential soil amending impact of various concentrations of macerated roots of Amaranthus spinosus and Talinum triangulare singly and in combination on crude oil polluted soil of Ikarama community of Yenagoa in Bayelsa State Nigeria was investigated using gas chromatography technique for twelve weeks. The polluted soil was bagged in seven groups with the addition of 250g of Amaranthus spinosus root, 500g of Amaranthus spinosus root, 250g of Talinum triangulare root, 500g of Talinum triangulare root, 250g of combined roots of Amaranthus spinosus and Talinum Triangulare, 500g of combined roots of Amaranthus spinosus and Talinum Triangulare and labelled as follows Ga, Gb, Wa, Wb, GWa and GWb respectively; and a polluted and not amended bag which served as control. Each bag contained 1000g of polluted soil. The Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon (TPH), Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH), pH and enzyme concentration were analysed at intervals of four weeks for twelve weeks. The result showed that TPH reduction in the impacted soil varied between 29.5% for Ga and 1.79% for Wa after week 4.The results also showed that PAH reduction varied between 53% for Gb and 14.2% in GWa at week 12 (p<0.05). The results suggested that the roots of the plants Talinum triangulare and Amaranthus spinosus are best used singularly and not in combination in the bioremediation of TPH and PAHs.Keywords: Amaranthus spinosus, Bioremediation, crude oil, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, Talinum triangulare, Total petroleum hydrocarbon
Highlights
Crude oils are extremely intricate combination of compounds that vary in composition based on their sources
Total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) is a term usually used to describe a large family of several hundreds of chemical compounds that originally come from crude oil (Alinnor and Nwachukwu, 2013)
75% of the states use TPH-based clean up criteria (TPHCWGS, 1998)
Summary
Crude oils are extremely intricate combination of compounds that vary in composition based on their sources. The total petroleum hydrocarbons include saturated alkanes, aromatic hydrocarbons, fuel oxygenated additives such as methyl t-butyl ether (MTBE), butanol and ethanol; and other compounds containing sulphur or nitrogen. These compounds are harmful or even toxic to the growth and development of plants and animals, being a source of long-term water and air pollution (Sudip et al, 2002). 75% of the states use TPH-based clean up criteria (TPHCWGS, 1998) These contaminants are derived from mixtures of fuels and crude oil by-products released into the environment through mining, industrial procedures, and accidental spills. Some of the TPH fractions may be broken down by organisms found in the water (primarily bacteria and fungi)
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