Abstract
Proposals for a national examination system raise a number of technical quality issues. The most fundamental of these issues is validity, which is broadly defined as the adequacy and appropriateness of uses and interpretations of results. Several types of evidence that are needed to reach an overall judgment regarding the validity of the use and the interpretation of results of a national examination system are discussed. The evaluation of examination content, fairness, impact, generalizability, and comparability is considered. In each of these areas, the stringency of the evaluation depends on the stakes that are associated with the examination.
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