Evaluating the quality of seal of root canals in the presence of separated rotary instrument when obturated with different obturation techniques using liquid photospectrometry

Abstract

Introduction: Complete sealing of the root canal system is essential for the successful outcome of the endodontic treatment. unfortunately instrument may separate during biomechanical preparation and achieving a fluid tight seal may be difficult. Three dimensional obturation thus plays an important role in achievement of fluid tight in presence of separated rotary instruments. To evaluate the quality of seal of root canals in the presence of separated rotary instrument when obturated with different obturation techniques using liquid photospectrometry. Materials and Methods: One hundred and twenty freshly extracted mandibular human premolars with straight and single root canal were selected. The preparations of canal were completed by single file system with primary file size 25/08 (WaveOne system, Dentsply Maillefer, Switzerland). The roots were randomly assigned into two groups: Group I (n = 60) and Group II (n = 60). Group I (n = 60) was subdivided into three subgroups A, B, and C. Group A (n = 20): Roots were obturated with lateral condensation technique without sealer placement and without instrument being separated at apical third. Group B (n = 20): Roots were obturated with lateral compaction technique using epoxy resin based sealer (AH Plus) placed in canals without instrument being separated at apical third. Group C (n = 20): Roots were obturated with lateral compaction technique using epoxy resin-based sealer (AH Plus) placed along the root canals with instrument being separated at apical third. Group II (n = 60) was also subdivided into three subgroups A, B, and C with twenty roots in each subgroup. In subgroups A, B, and C of Group II, the same methodology was used, except obturation was done using thermoplasticized Gutta-percha (Calamus, Dentsply Maillefer, Switzerland). The modified glucose penetration setup was used and samples were then analyzed with a spectrophotometer (ELICO SL 244-double beam ultraviolet-visible) at 340 nm wavelength. Statistical analysis was done using descriptive and inferential statistics using Student's paired and unpaired t-test and softwares used in the analysis were SPSS 17.0 version and GraphPad Prism 5.0 version and P Results: Significant variation was found in mean glucose leakage in groups obturated with lateral condensation and thermoplasticized Gutta-percha (t = 2.10, P = 0.042). Conclusions: Leakage observed with thermoplasticized obturation was less when compared to lateral condensation. Three-dimensional obturation plays a crucial role than the separated instrument during endodontic therapy.