Evaluating the Protein Value of Fresh Tropical Forage Grasses and Forage Legumes Using In Vitro and Chemical Fractionation Methods.

Abstract

Simple SummaryVarious methods for estimating post-ruminal crude protein supply have been developed for temperate ruminant feedstuffs. However, their adequacy (i.e., accuracy and precision) to predict the post-ruminal crude protein supply of tropical forages is still questioned. Therefore, the objectives of the present study were: (1) to assess the adequacy of the in vitro and chemical methods to predict post-ruminal crude protein supply from fresh tropical forage, and (2) to identify nutritional composition variables that can predict post-ruminal crude protein supply. The in vitro method can estimate post-ruminal protein supply in tropical forages with moderate to high but not very slow passage rates. Available regression equations developed for temperate ruminant feedstuffs were not adequate enough to predict the post-ruminal protein supply of tropical forages. Instead, equations developed in the present study appear to predict the post-ruminal protein supply of tropical forages with reasonable adequacy.The objectives of the present study were (1) to assess the adequacy of the in vitro and chemical methods to predict post-ruminal crude protein supply (PRCP) from fresh tropical forage, and (2) to identify PRCP supply predictors. Twenty-three fresh forage grasses and 15 forage legumes commonly used in domestic cattle feeding in the tropics and subtropics were incubated in the rumen of cows to determine ruminal crude protein (CP) degradation. The PRCP supply was calculated from in situ rumen-undegraded CP and in vitro organic matter digestibility (i.e., reference method), from ammonia-nitrogen release during in vitro incubation (i.e., in vitro method), and from the concentrations of chemical CP fractions (i.e., chemical method). The adequacy was evaluated using error-index and dimensionless parameters, and stepwise regression was used to select PRCP predictors. Adequacy ranged from poor to moderate (0.53 to 0.74) for the in vitro method being lower for forage legumes at a slow rumen passage rate (0.20), and even poorer (0.02 to 0.13) for the chemical method. Hence, the in vitro method can estimate PRCP supply in tropical forages with moderate to high but not with slow passage rates. Equations developed in the present study appear to predict PRCP supply with reasonable adequacy.