Evaluating the Potential of Liquid Smoke in Protecting Cocoa Beans against Storage Pest

Idham Sakti Harahap,Courage Yaw Krah,Sutrisno Sutrisno ,- Samsudin Samsudin

doi:10.18517/ijaseit.11.6.14691

Idham Sakti Harahap, Courage Yaw Krah + Show 2 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.18517/ijaseit.11.6.14691

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Abstract

<p class='IJASEITAbtract'>Insect attack of produce in storage is a major challenge in postharvest handling and contributes to food waste and loss. Attempts to use synthetic chemicals to control this have generated other health and environmental problems. This study aimed to investigate the potential of pyrolyzed cocoa pod husk as a biopesticide (liquid Smoke (LS)) to protect cocoa beans against storage pests. The study was set up in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with five treatments (10%; 20%; 50%; 100 % concentrations of LS and 0 %as control). These were applied to the outer surface of mini jute sacks containing cocoa beans. A GCMS analysis of the LS detected 20 compounds. A repellence test of LS showed a very strong repellence effect, repelling almost 90% of the insect population. The feeding deterrence index also caused a reduction in bean damage from 22% in control to 7.65% for 100% LS-treated beans. Weight loss was reduced from 2.13% in control to 0.11 % in the sample treated with 100% LS. The LS treatment did not cause any significant change in the FFA and pH content of the beans. The organoleptic test also proved that LS treatment did not cause any substantial change in the flavor and overall taste and aroma acceptability. Therefore, the liquid smoke can be used for protecting cocoa beans by spraying on the outer part of jute sacks containing beans.

Highlights

Cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) is purported to have originated from the Amazon basin
The name cocoa bean technically represents the seeds extracted from the matured pod/ fruit of the Theobroma cacao L. tree, which serves as the basic raw material used to manufacture high-value products [1]
In Ghana, the crop employs over 800,000 smallholder families and contributes about 8.2 % to GDP, while in Indonesia, more than 1,400,000 smallholder families make their living from the production of cocoa beans

Summary

Introduction

Cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) is purported to have originated from the Amazon basin. It was grown by the indigenous peoples throughout Mexico and Central America around the pre-European colonial era. Ghana comes second with an average annual production of around 800 thousand tonnes. In Ghana, the crop employs over 800,000 smallholder families and contributes about 8.2 % to GDP, while in Indonesia, more than 1,400,000 smallholder families make their living from the production of cocoa beans. It contributes some US$1.2 billion annually to the Indonesian economy [3]

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