Abstract
The cooling coefficient of performance (COPR) and energy efficiency ratio (EER) of refrigerant R-134a compressors (single- and double-compressors) with different refrigerant tonnage (200, 250, 300, 380, 500, and 700 RT) for centrifugal and Maglev centrifugal compressors change with different operating performance load percentages (10–100%), and constant-frequency and variable-frequency operation, resulting in performance differences. In particular, a water chiller can have a fixed cooling water inlet temperature of 32 °C and a variable cooling water inlet temperature between 18.33 °C and 32 °C. According to the actual test results, the commercial performance code program and parameter table of the water chiller were established. Based on the performance matching of different load chillers, the on-site load capacity was analyzed and the effective water chiller performance and model matching were determined as the best choice for the tonR number of the deicing machine and unit matching, providing a reference for a future large water chiller that cannot be used on site for a single unit tonR. To achieve energy-saving benefits, different types of compressors, different refrigeration tonR operation, constant-frequency unit and variable-frequency unit alternate operation, and different operating performance load percentage operation can be allocated. Finally, the results show that, when the cooling water inlet temperature is fixed, the Maglev variable-frequency centrifugal compressor water chiller is better than the constant-frequency centrifugal water chiller, and also better than the variable-frequency centrifugal water chiller. The larger the freezing tonR of the variable-frequency centrifugal water chiller, the smaller the difference between COPR and EER. When the cooling water inlet temperature changes, the Maglev variable-frequency centrifugal water chiller is better than the constant-frequency centrifugal water chiller, and it is also better than the variable-frequency centrifugal water chiller. The larger the freezing tonR of the variable-frequency centrifugal water chiller, the smaller the difference between COPR and EER. Moreover, the operating performance of the constant-frequency centrifugal water chiller is between 60% and 90%, which can maintain relatively high COPR and EER values. The operating performance of the variable-frequency centrifugal water chiller is between 40% and 70%, which can maintain relatively high COPR and EER values. Compared with the constant-frequency and variable-frequency, the Maglev variable-frequency centrifugal water chiller can maintain higher COPR and EER values when the operating performance is between 10% and 100%. When the operating performance is between 10% and 70%, it can maintain very high COPR and EER values. When the water chiller is selected in the field, the energy-saving of COPR and EER will be given priority. Therefore, the load capacity can be used to effectively manage the water chiller performance and model selection, so that the operation performance can reach the best percentage and energy saving can be achieved.
Highlights
In Taiwan, air conditioning, temperature, and humidity control are essential for people’s daily needs and for restaurants, stores, medical institutions, commercial buildings, supermarkets, industrial plants, and high-technology electronics
Reducing the power consumption of chiller compressors while improving their operational efficiency has become an important energy-saving direction; this must be done in such a way that the operation mode and the option to use the main carrier or a standby carrier can be adjusted at appropriate times, the operation mode strategy can be applied, and the chiller can be allocated based on the best operation load data to keep the chiller in a high-efficiency operation state
The results of this study are combined with practical design, theoretical calculation, and analysis according to the AHRI standard guide formula [27,28], on-site selection of the design parameters of the water chiller, setting the environmental air conditioning load capacity, according to the operation analysis process (Figure 6)
Summary
In Taiwan, air conditioning, temperature, and humidity control are essential for people’s daily needs and for restaurants, stores, medical institutions, commercial buildings, supermarkets, industrial plants, and high-technology electronics. According to the energy saving technical manual of the Bureau of Energy of Ministry of Economic Affairs of Taiwan [1,2], the proportion of power consumption for air conditioning equipment in buildings is about 23–56%. If people’s daily air conditioning use is not included, the proportion is about 45–56%, which shows that the central air conditioning system is the most energy-consuming piece of equipment in most buildings. According to the statistics of the Taiwan Power Company, the peak power consumption of air conditioning equipment in summer accounts for about 35% of the total power consumption in Taiwan. The proportion of power consumption of air conditioning equipment in the summer is quite high in Taiwan. Among the different types of air conditioning equipment, the power consumption of the chiller compressor is the highest, accounting for about 50–60% of the total air conditioning system. Reducing the power consumption of chiller compressors while improving their operational efficiency has become an important energy-saving direction; this must be done in such a way that the operation mode and the option to use the main carrier or a standby carrier can be adjusted at appropriate times, the operation mode strategy can be applied, and the chiller can be allocated based on the best operation load data to keep the chiller in a high-efficiency operation state
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