Abstract
Due to urbanization around the world, people living in urban areas have been suffering from a series of negative effects caused by changes in urban microclimate, especially when it comes to urban heat islands (UHIs). To mitigate UHIs, management of urban wind environments is increasingly considered as a crucial part of the process. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation of wind fields has become a prevailing method to explore the relationship between morphological factors and wind environment. However, most studies are focused on building scale and fail to reflect the effects of comprehensive planning. In addition, the combined influence of different morphological factors on wind environment is rarely discussed. Therefore, this study tries to explore the relationship between urban morphology and wind environment in a new-town area. CFD method was applied to simulate the wind field, and 11 scenarios based on criteria according to existing literature, planning regulations and local characteristics were developed. The simulation results from different scenarios show that the impact of the five selected factors on wind speeds was non-linear, and the impact varied significantly among different areas of the study region. Simulation of the differences in regional wind speeds among different planning scenarios can provide strong decision-making support.
Highlights
According to a report by the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs [1], the percentage of the global population that is urban is expected to increase from the current 55% to 68% by 2050, with the fastest growth in developing countries
This study aims to construct the urban morphology of a good wind field able to alleviate the urban heat islands (UHIs) effect
The changes between the latter two pairs of scenarios were dramatically different from the changes of about 4% between the former two pairs of scenarios, which was attributed to the same reason as for the aforementioned wind speed changes under different floor area ratio (FAR)
Summary
According to a report by the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs [1], the percentage of the global population that is urban is expected to increase from the current 55% to 68% by 2050, with the fastest growth in developing countries This rapid urbanization has resulted in urban overcrowding, reduced green space, and changes in surface pavement, which has exacerbated the negative effects of the urban heat island (UHI) phenomenon [2,3]. Apart from the influence of land use and urbanization, extreme heat waves due to global climate change have caused higher temperatures and a significant decline in urban areas’ ability to naturally cool down at night [4] This resulted in considerable burdens on cities in the summer or in tropical regions. Urban morphology plays an important role in effectively improving the urban wind field
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