Evaluating the indirect roles of anxiety and depressive symptoms in the relations between negative emotional reactivity to racial/ethnic stress and cigarette smoking among Hispanic adults who smoke.

Abstract

There has been increased recognition that Hispanic/Latinx (hereinafter Hispanic) persons are a tobacco disparities group in the United States. Although some past work has found greater exposure to racial/ethnic discrimination is associated with indices of smoking among Hispanic persons, research has not explored the degree of negative emotional reactivity to racial/ethnic stress in terms of smoking processes. The present cross-sectional study served to evaluate the indirect effects of depressive and anxiety symptoms in terms of relations between racial/ethnic stress reactivity and cigarette dependence, severity of problems when trying to quit, and perceived barriers for quitting among Hispanic persons who smoke in the United States. Participants included 329 Hispanic adults who smoked cigarettes daily (Mage = 35.5 years; SD = 8.67; 37.4% female). Results indicated that depressive symptoms exerted a statistically significant indirect effect in the association between negative emotional reactivity to racial/ethnic stress and cigarette dependence and severity of problems when trying to quit, whereas anxiety symptoms maintained an indirect effect for perceived barriers for smoking cessation. The current findings help characterize the intricacies by which negative emotional reactivity to racial/ethnic stress is related to smoking behavior and beliefs among Hispanic persons who smoke. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).