EVALUATING THE INCIDENCE OF THROMBOEMBOLIC DISORDERS DURING PREGNANCY AND PUERPERIUM WITH THEIR PRESENTATION, COMPLICATIONS, AND RISK FACTORS: A PROSPECTIVE OBSERVATIONAL STUDY

Abstract

Introduction: Due to the pro-thrombotic state during pregnancy, cortical venous thrombosis, dural venous sinuses, and thrombosis of the cerebral veins afflict people more frequently throughout the puerperal phase. This study aims to assess the incidence, types of sinuses involved, symptoms and risk factors of thromboembolic disorder throughout pregnancy and the puerperal phase.Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted during the study period of 18 months (January 2020-June, 2021). This included 100confirmed cases (both clinical and radiological) of thromboembolic disorders in pregnancy and puerperal period who were admitted at Thanjavur medical college hospital, Tamil Nadu. Data was collected in the schedule, and responses were entered in Microsoft excel. The descriptive statistics such as frequency and percentages were calculated using Epi info free software available online. Results: In the current investigation, 100 cases of thrombosis were analysed. Most thromboembolic patients (56 cases) were between the ages of 26 and 35. Nearly more than one-third (29%) were in the post-natal period of gestation, almost half (51%) of them had a caesarean section as a mode of delivery, 63% were multiparous, 42% were in the BMI range of 25.1- 30 and majority (96%) had venous thromboembolism. Out of 70 cases of cortical venous thrombosis, the superior sagittal sinus was the most frequently affected (55.7%). We found hypertensive disorders (54%) and diabetes (12%) are the most important predisposing factor for thrombosis. The most common symptom is headache, contributing to 41.4%, and convulsions, contributing to 27%. Conclusion: Thromboembolism is most common in post-natal women who have undergone caesarean section and multiparous. Obese people are more likely to develop thromboembolism than non-obese people.