Abstract
A combination of pre and intraoperative sentinel lymph node (SLN) mapping techniques have been suggested to optimize SLN detection. A novel liposomal nanoparticle, Nanotrast-CF800 (CF800), utilizes computed tomography lymphography (CTL) and near infrared fluorescence imaging (NIRF) for image-guided surgery and SLN mapping. This novel tracer agent has not been evaluated in companion animals. The objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of CF800 for SLN mapping in the oral cavity of healthy dogs and to report any local adverse effects. Six healthy adult purpose-bred research dogs randomly received either 1 mL (group 1) or 2 mL (group 2) of CF800 injected into the submucosa at the level of the right canine maxillary tooth. CTL and percutaneous NIRF were performed at 1, 3, and 10 min, then 1, 2, 4, 7, and 10 days post-injection (p.i). Overall, both CTL and NIRF identified SLNs in all dogs. The overall peak mean contrast enhancement of the SLNs was 73.98 HU (range 63.45–86.27 HU) at 2 days p.i. Peak fluorescence of the SLN occurred at 1 day p.i. The agent was retained within the SLN for at least 7 days for CTL and 4 days for percutaneous NIRF. No adverse effects were observed. Local administration of CF800 was simple and feasible for the detection of SLNs using CTL+NIRF in the head and neck of healthy dogs and was not associated with significant local adverse events.
Highlights
Lymph node assessment for metastatic disease is integral for staging many solitary cancers as it provides valuable prognostic information and can guide treatment recommendations
Our study demonstrates that the submucosal administration of CF800 within the oral cavity of healthy dogs was feasible and effective for image-guided surgery and allowed for the use of both preoperative computed tomography lymphography (CTL) and near infrared fluorescence imaging (NIRF) modalities for sentinel lymph node (SLN) mapping
Sentinel lymph nodes were identified in all dogs using CTL and NIRF
Summary
Lymph node assessment for metastatic disease is integral for staging many solitary cancers as it provides valuable prognostic information and can guide treatment recommendations. The SLN is defined as the first lymph node(s) that drains a primary tumor and is based on the theory that metastasis occurs in an orderly and sequential manner through the regional lymphatic basin [1, 2]. The SLN has been demonstrated to be predictive of metastatic disease [3,4,5]. The anatomic regional lymph node is often sampled for oncologic staging; it may not accurately represent the SLN. In one study of dogs with various malignant tumors, the SLN was different from the regional lymph node in 22.3% of cases [6]. Biopsy of the SLN is preferred, as this is a less invasive surgical technique for clinical staging and can reduce patient morbidity [7, 8]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
