Abstract
The effect of an antioxidative peptide Met-Lys-Ala-Val-Cys-Phe-Ser-Leu (MKAVCFSL) on oxidative stress in Caco-2 cell lines was investigated. Caco-2 cells exposed to excess oxidative stress could be restored when pretreated with the peptide. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) within the cells could be scavenged by MKAVCFSL. The peptide could also enhance the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), and superoxide dismutase (SOD), while catalase (CAT) activity did not show a significant difference between treatment and control samples. Meanwhile, it was observed that peptide treatment increased the concentration of glutathione (GSH). Yet the content of glutathione disulfide (GSSG) was hardly affected. The stability of MKAVCFSL was also assessed and an intact peptide was observed after simulated gastrointestinal digestion. Part of the peptide was hydrolyzed into fragments including MKA, FSL, AVCFSL, and MKAVCF. This study demonstrated that MKAVCFSL derived from bighead carp hydrolysates could ameliorate oxidative stress to protect the Caco-2 cells.
Highlights
Oxidative stress is defined as the potential biological damage caused by free radicals [1]; it demonstrates an excessive production of Reactive oxygen species (ROS) that cannot be counteracted by the action of antioxidative protection systems of the cells. e imbalance between the oxidant species such as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), superoxide (O2–), singlet oxygen (1/2 O2), and the hydroxyl radical (OH) was mainly produced from the mitochondrion. e oxidant species may trigger specific factors responsible for oxidative damage in the cells including cellular proteins, membrane lipids, nucleic acids, and eventually cell death. is damage has a correlation with several pathologies like cardiovascular, cancer, diabetes, and inflammatory diseases [2]
Increased oxidative stress associated with the disease is often related to a depletion in enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidants [3], which reduced the ability to protect against excess ROS exposure. erefore, extra antioxidants are supposed to be utilized as direct scavengers of free radicals, as inhibitors of lipid peroxidation, and so on [4]. erefore, researchers’ interest in the identification, characterization, and application of antioxidants has increased to protect organisms from oxidative stress
We identified an antioxidant peptide MKAVCFSL from flesh hydrolysate of bighead carp (Hypophthalmichthys nobilis), which had effective DPPH radical scavenging activity, ferrous ions (Fe2+) chelating activity, and reducing power [10]
Summary
Oxidative stress is defined as the potential biological damage caused by free radicals [1]; it demonstrates an excessive production of ROS that cannot be counteracted by the action of antioxidative protection systems of the cells. e imbalance between the oxidant species such as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), superoxide (O2–), singlet oxygen (1/2 O2), and the hydroxyl radical (OH) was mainly produced from the mitochondrion. e oxidant species may trigger specific factors responsible for oxidative damage in the cells including cellular proteins, membrane lipids, nucleic acids, and eventually cell death. is damage has a correlation with several pathologies like cardiovascular, cancer, diabetes, and inflammatory diseases [2].All cells possess elaborate antioxidant systems constitutive of interacting various weight components. Oxidative stress is defined as the potential biological damage caused by free radicals [1]; it demonstrates an excessive production of ROS that cannot be counteracted by the action of antioxidative protection systems of the cells. E imbalance between the oxidant species such as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), superoxide (O2–), singlet oxygen (1/2 O2), and the hydroxyl radical (OH) was mainly produced from the mitochondrion. Increased oxidative stress associated with the disease is often related to a depletion in enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidants [3], which reduced the ability to protect against excess ROS exposure. Erefore, extra antioxidants are supposed to be utilized as direct scavengers of free radicals, as inhibitors of lipid peroxidation, and so on [4]. Erefore, researchers’ interest in the identification, characterization, and application of antioxidants has increased to protect organisms from oxidative stress.
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