EVALUATING THE EFFECT OF PRODUCTS EXTRACTED FROM PANAX BIPINNATIFIDUS SEEM ON MULTIPLE MYELOMA CELLS

Abstract

Panax bipinnatifidus Seem (PB) is a precious medicinal plant in Vietnam. Although known for its many biological activities, the impact of this herb on multiple myeloma has not been elucidated. Objective: The study was conducted to evaluate the effects of total saponin extract from PB on the viability, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and mitochondrial cardiolipin content of multiple myeloma cells. Methods: Human myeloma cell line (KMS-20) cells were divided into 2 groups: control group and experimental group. In the control group, cells were grown in medium containing DMSO 0.05%. In the experimental group, cells were grown in medium containing total saponin extract (PB-TS) at different concentration ranges. Taxol is an anti-cancer drug used as a positive control in the study. Cell viability, ROS, and cardiolipin content were determined using suitable kits. Results: IC50 values of PB-TS for KMS-20 cells were 4.43±0.78 (µg/ml), higher than the IC50 value of Taxol (2.88±0.51 ng/ml). Besides, the CM-H2DCFDA fluorescence density of the cell group treated with Taxol and PB-TS increased to 121.52 ± 5.16% and 134.27 ± 3.59% compared to the control group (p<0.05). Moreover, the NAO fluorescence density of the cell group treated with Taxol and PB-TS also decreased to 62.73±6.87% and 41.56± 8.52%, respectively (p<0.05 compared with the control). Conclusion: The results of the study showed that total saponin from PB exhibited strong toxicity to KMS-20 cells through stimulation of ROS production and reduction of mitochondrial cardiolipin content.