Evaluating the effect of processing conditions and organoclay content on the properties of styrene-butadiene rubber/organoclay nanocomposites by response surface methodology

Abstract

In this work, basic mathematical models and response surface graphs have been used to illustrate the relationship between mixing parameters in internal mixer and properties of the SBR (styrene butadiene rubber)/organoclay composites. Using a Box-Behnken statistical design experiment methodology, the effects of mixing temperature (80-140°C), mixing time (4-12 min) and nano filler amount (3-9 phr) in SBR nanocomposites on the properties (tensile properties, scorch time and Mooney viscosity) were evaluated. It was found that the mixing parameters (time and temperature) have the predomi- nant role in properties and morphology of nanocomposite. The R 2 values (the R 2 values indicate the degree of agreement between the experimental results with those predicted by model) of all responses were above 0.85. Increasing temperature and mixing time facilitated a better organoclay dispersion which resulted in a better tensile property. With increase in nan- oclay amount in composite the scorch time and Mooney viscosity decreased. The morphology of nanocomposite was stud- ied by XRD (X-ray diffraction) and TEM (Transmission electron microscope). Intercalation and exfoliation of the nanoclay were observed for samples with higher temperature and longer mixing time. Due to thermal degradation of the rubber matrix at 140°C, tensile properties of the nanocomposite were decreased.