Abstract
Microbial community in gastrointestinal tract participates in the development of the obesity as well as quite a few metabolic diseases in human. However, there are few studies about the relationship between gut microbiota and porcine fatness. Here, we used high-throughput sequencing to perform 16S rRNA gene analysis in 256 cecum luminal samples from Erhualian pigs and 244 stools from Bamaxiang pigs, and adopted a two-part model statistical method to evaluate the association of gut microbes with porcine fatness. As the results, we identified a total of 6 and 108 operational taxonomic units (OTUs), and 9 and 10 bacterial taxa which showed significant associations with fatness traits in the stool and cecum samples, respectively. Cross-validation analysis indicated that gut microbiome showed the largest effect on abdominal adipose by explaining 2.73% phenotypic variance of abdominal fat weight. Significantly more fatness-associated OTUs were identified in the cecum samples than that in the stools, suggesting that cecum luminal samples were better used for identification of fatness-associated microbes than stools. The fatness-associated OTUs were mainly annotated to Lachnospiraceae, Ruminococcaceae, Prevotella, Treponema, and Bacteroides. These microbes have been reported to produce short-chain fatty acids by fermenting dietary indigested polysaccharide and pectin. The short-chain fatty acids can regulate host body energy homeostasis, protect host from inflammation and inhibit fat mass development. Our findings suggested that the gut microbiome may be an important factor modulating fatness in pigs.
Highlights
Obesity has been becoming one of the major health problems for humans, which is characterized by excessive fat accumulation, and imbalanced energy intake and expenditure, and accompanies with low grade of systemic and chronic inflammation
We evaluated the association of the gut microbiome with porcine fatness in both faces and cecum luminal samples
We identified six operational taxonomic units (OTUs) (Otu363, Otu393, Otu206, Otu95, Otu1330, and Otu500) that were significantly associated with leaf fat weight at false discovery rate (FDR) ≤ 0.1
Summary
Obesity has been becoming one of the major health problems for humans, which is characterized by excessive fat accumulation, and imbalanced energy intake and expenditure, and accompanies with low grade of systemic and chronic inflammation. It is associated with a wide range of pathological disturbances in metabolic organs and predisposes toward type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) (Hanning and Diaz-Sanchez, 2015) and cardiovascular disease (Kahn et al, 2006; Canfora et al, 2015). Porcine Fatness-Associated Gut Microbiota fatness has been regarded as a typically complex and economic trait in pig production It brings low feed conversion rate and unfavorable fat mass. More and more studies in humans have shown that obesity is related to the gut microbiota (Ley et al, 2006; Turnbaugh et al, 2009; Munoz-Garach et al, 2016)
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