Abstract
Rice cultivation is frequently threatened by pests, leading to the widespread use of chemical pesticides including organophosphates, carbamates, and synthetic pyrethroids. This study evaluates the bio-efficacy of various pesticide combinations in rice fields and their effects on natural enemies like spiders and coccinellids. Pesticides such as chlorantraniliprole, flubendiamide, Azoxystrobin, Tebuconazole, Difenconazole and cartap hydrochloride used alone or in combination were tested for their compatibility and safety. Results showed that these combinations do not significantly suppress natural enemies, making them suitable for Integrated pest management due to often carefully selected to target pests without affecting beneficial organisms. It supports the development of sustainable pest management strategies that minimize harm to beneficial organisms.
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