Abstract
Recognizing the importance of ICT, e-Government initiatives are rising through public organizations and public administration all over the world. Malaysia as a developing country had started implementing e-Government to improve the public services for the people. Unfortunately, public acceptance and usage towards e-Government are still very limited in most developing countries. The main purpose of this study is to investigate citizen adoption of e-government services in the northern region of Malaysia. Importantly, this study aims to develop a conceptual framework that is based on previous literature on the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) model, by examining the relationships between four factors (Performance Expectancy, Effort Expectancy, Social Influence, and Facilitating Conditions) and Citizen adoption of e-Government services. A self-administered questionnaire was used to obtain data from 22 Malaysian citizens in the state of Kedah, Malaysia, randomly. The findings indicate that Effort expectancy, Social influence and Facilitating conditions are the significant predictors of the Malaysian intention to use an e-Government services, while Performance Expectancy is proven to be an insignificant predictor for the Malaysian’s intention to use an e-Government services. The study has made contributions to the body of knowledge at academic and practical levels as an important exploratory study that was conducted in the context of Malaysia, a country which aims to be a developed country by 2020. In addition, this study provides some valuable insights into the adoption of e-Government in Malaysian context which could help government agencies to improve the effectiveness of their services.
Highlights
Migration from rural areas to urban areas among the primary guardians of the elderly deem them no longer considered safe for the future care of the elderly
This issue has yet to obtain the attention of gerontologists in Malaysia (Wan et al, 2015); the phenomenon of migration of guardians out of rural areas, which has caused many elderly people in the these areas to deal with guardianship problems, merits more attention
In Malaysia, migration to cities has become more popular since the Malaysian New Economic Policy (Dasar Ekonomi Baru) was launched in 1971, leaving an impact on how care for the elderly has evolved, especially in rural areas
Summary
Migration from rural areas to urban areas among the primary guardians of the elderly deem them no longer considered safe for the future care of the elderly. It has left implications that have led to abandonment of senior citizens in urban areas and guardianship issues This issue has yet to obtain the attention of gerontologists in Malaysia (Wan et al, 2015); the phenomenon of migration of guardians out of rural areas, which has caused many elderly people in the these areas to deal with guardianship problems, merits more attention. Before any policy on elderly care can be formulated, the extent of the outflow of the guardians should be analyzed to assist the government in identifying the true extent of the phenomenon characterized by the outflow of guardians to the city This phenomenon needs to be analyzed as the population of elderly members continue to grow in society. This article attempts to identify the extent of migration patterns of the senior citizens‟ guardians out of the area of their living quarters
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