Abstract
Artificial biomaterials are being developed for use in denture base with symmetrical properties to restore the aesthetics and functionalities. The rough surface of denture base resin promotes the adhesion of microorganisms and plaque accumulation. This study aimed to explore the consequences of polishing times on the surface roughness of high-impact (HI) heat-polymerized PMMA denture base acrylic resin reinforced with zirconia nanoparticles (nanocomposite). Thirty specimens (25 ± 0.50 mm in diameter and 2 ± 0.10 mm thickness) were fabricated from HI PMMA by adding zirconia nanoparticles at different concentrations of (0 wt.%, 1.5 wt.%, 3 wt.%, 5 wt.%, 7 wt.%, and 10 wt.%). Specimens were divided into six groups (n = 5) and surface roughness (Ra) was measured before and after polishing with a standard protocol for one and two minutes. The addition of zirconia in PMMA at low concentrations (1.5 wt.%, 3 wt.%, and 5 wt.%) did not negatively affect the surface finish of the denture base composites following conventional polishing and remained below the clinically acceptable limit (0.2 µm). After one minute of polishing, only the 10 wt.% zirconia (0.17 ± 0.03 µm) demonstrated a substantial rise in median surface roughness, in comparison with the control group (0.11 ± 0.01 µm). It is concluded that the group containing 3 wt.% (0.10 ± 0.01 µm) of zirconia is the optimum concentration to obtain the best symmetrical surface finish after two minutes of polishing.
Highlights
Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) has found wider acceptance as the most common denture base material [1,2,3,4,5,6,7]. Acrylics such as PMMA modified with certain fillers have shown improved strength [8]. They have been successfully used for denture bases, for removable partial or complete dentures [9], implant overdentures, and maxillofacial prosthesis [10], because of the ease of processing [11]
Dentures are used as a replacement for lost tissues or residual alveolar ridges and divert the forces generated by chewing from the denture to residual alveolar ridges [9,10]
This study evaluated the effect of polishing times on HI PMMA reinforced with zirconia nanoparticles (0%, 1.5%, 3%, 5%, 7%, and 10 wt.%) in vitro by measuring their surface roughness
Summary
Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) has found wider acceptance as the most common denture base material [1,2,3,4,5,6,7]. Acrylics such as PMMA modified with certain fillers (including rubber) have shown improved strength [8]. They have been successfully used for denture bases, for removable partial or complete dentures [9], implant overdentures, and maxillofacial prosthesis [10], because of the ease of processing [11]. Dentures are used as a replacement for lost tissues or residual alveolar ridges and divert the forces generated by chewing from the denture to residual alveolar ridges [9,10]
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