Evaluating mechanical, thermal, and water absorption properties of biocomposites with Opuntia cladode fiber and palm flower biochar for industrial applications

Abstract

This study addresses the development of environmentally friendly biocomposites using Opuntia cladode fiber and palm flower biochar for industrial applications. Derived sustainably, these materials significantly enhance mechanical properties, exemplified by Composite C3 (Resin 57wt.%, Fiber 40 wt%, Biochar 3 wt%) with notable flexural strength (217 MPa), tensile strength (178 MPa), impact strength (7.2 J), and hardness (92 Shore-D). However, a 5% biochar concentration led to a slight property decline. Thermal conductivity increased proportionally with biochar concentration, ranging from 0.36 to 0.49 W/mK, with biochar acting as an effective lubricant. Opuntia cladode fiber and biochar influenced water absorption rates, mitigated by silane surface treatment. The biocomposites show promise for electronics, spacecraft, automotive components, and packaging. The specific problem addressed is the need for sustainable materials. Opuntia cladode fiber and palm flower biochar offer a focused solution, yielding composites with improved mechanical, thermal, and water absorption properties for targeted industrial applications.