Abstract
The aim of this study was to develop and validate growth and photosynthetic models of Kimchi cabbages under extreme temperature conditions at different growth stages. Kimchi cabbage plants were subjected to low and high air temperatures 7–10 days after transplanting (DAT) and 40–43 DAT using extreme weather simulators. Except during these periods, the air temperature, relative humidity, solar radiation, and precipitation were set according to previous meteorological data. The experiments were performed over two years: in the first year, data were used to develop the models; the second-year experimental data were used for validation. The growth parameters and relative growth rate of Kimchi cabbage decreased due to low and high air temperature treatments. Photosynthetic CO2 response curves, which were measured using a portable gas exchange system, were used to calculate three biochemical parameters from measured data: photochemical efficiency, carboxylation conductance, and dark respiration. These parameters were used to develop the photosynthetic models (modified Thornley’s models) representing predictions of net photosynthetic rate by CO2 concentration and growth stage. The simulated photosynthetic rate with extreme high temperature treatment (35/31 °C) was 19.7 μmol m−2 s−1 which was evaluated approximately 3% deduction compared with control. Results of this study indicate that the growth and photosynthetic models developed here could be applied to evaluate retarded growth and net photosynthetic rate under extreme temperature conditions.
Highlights
Kimchi cabbage (Brassica rapa L. ssp. pekinensis) is a primary vegetable crop in Korea given that it is the main ingredient of Kimchi, one of the nation’s leading foods
Results of this study indicate that the growth and photosynthetic models developed here could be applied to evaluate retarded growth and net photosynthetic rate under extreme temperature conditions
4 days after commencing moderate and extreme high air temperature treatments, the fresh weight of control Kimchi cabbage was the lowest among all treatments at 93.9 g/plant, while that of Kimchi cabbage treated at 25 ◦ C/22 ◦ C was 147.9 g/plant
Summary
Kimchi cabbage (Brassica rapa L. ssp. pekinensis) is a primary vegetable crop in Korea given that it is the main ingredient of Kimchi, one of the nation’s leading foods. Pekinensis) is a primary vegetable crop in Korea given that it is the main ingredient of Kimchi, one of the nation’s leading foods. Because of its agricultural and economic importance, Kimchi cabbage is widely cultivated in Asia, especially in Korea and China. It is classified as a cool-season crop, and most cultivars will not form heads when the daily mean air temperature is >25 ◦ C [1]. Relevant studies have indicated that increased air temperature reduces the growth, photosynthetic rate, PSII activity, and yield of Kimchi cabbage and can lead to severe soft rot disorder [3,4]. The interacting effects of elevated CO2 and air temperature on the growth and physiological responses of vegetables have been reported
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