Abstract
Background: The tensile strength of the plain concrete is weak. Thus, fibres are embedded in concrete to improve its ductility. However, pulling out steel fibres from concrete structures is one of the most encountered issues in the fiber-reinforced concrete, which hinders using their maximum capacities. Objectives: Thus, closed steel fibres (square shape) were incorporated into concrete mixes to evaluate their impacts against the pulling-out effects and assess the feasibility of applying Closed Steel Fibres (CSFs) on the fresh and hardened concrete properties. Hooked end and straight steel fibres were also investigated for comparison. Methods: The utilized steel fibres were incorporated with lengths of 20, 30, and 40 mm, and volume fractions of 0.25%, 0.50%, and 0.75%. Silica Fume (SF) was involved in the fibre-reinforced concrete mixtures at 7% of the cement weight. Results: Paper outcomes stated that the inclusion of steel fibres involved different impacts on the concrete compressive strength depending on the applied fibre geometries and content. Conclusion: CSFs exhibited better performance against the pulling-out effect from the surrounding concrete structure than those of hooked end and straight steel fibres. However, the addition of CSFs has increased the concrete permeability due to their poor space-filling capacity.
Highlights
Concrete is the most widely applied construction material [1 - 3]
Paper outcomes stated that the inclusion of steel fibres involved different impacts on the concrete compressive strength depending on the applied fibre geometries and content
The experimental procedure of this paper included 29 different concrete mixtures, 9 concrete mixtures prepared with each fibre type including straight steel fibres, hooked end steel fibres and closed steel fibre, as well as two reference mixtures, one produced with plain cement and other with blended silica fume cement
Summary
Concrete is the most widely applied construction material [1 - 3]. It possesses a variety of desirable characteristics correlated to availability, affordability, ease of usage, etc., [4]. The material strength and structural performance of the ordinary Portland concrete aren’t sufficiently compatible with concrete constructions located in severe environments and subjected to sizable static or dynamic loads. Evaluating Fresh and Hardened Properties of High-Strength. It is proposed to restrict its usage in the critical concrete structures subjected to harsh environments, extreme climate, or overweight static and dynamic loads [16, 17]. Pulling out steel fibres from concrete structures is one of the most encountered issues in the fiber-reinforced concrete, which hinders using their maximum capacities
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