Evaluating Diagnostic Efficiency of Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data Systems proposed by the American College of Radiology in Surgically Resected Thyroid Nodules.

Abstract

Thyroid nodules are one of the most common clinical findings, with a prevalence of 68% in adults. Thyroid cancer is the fifth most common cancer in women. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data Systems proposed by the American College of Radiology (ACR-TIRADS) for the diagnosis of malignancy in surgically resected thyroid nodules. In this retrospective study, patients who underwent thyroid nodules resected surgically from 2018-2020 were included. Before resection, an ultrasound was performed for TIRADS scores, and after resection histopathology, thyroid mass was obtained. The outcomes of the two systems were statistically compared. The mean age of the 146 included patients was 47.6 ± 14.08 years, of which 109 (74.7%) were female. Based on TIRADS, 47 patients (32.2%) were in TI-RADS TR3, 36 patients (24.7%) were in TIRADS TR2, 34 (23.3%) in TIRADS 4, 24 (16.4%) in TIRADS TR5 and 5 patients (3.4%) were in TIRADS TR1. The overall sensitivity was 79.9% when ACR-TIRADS TR4 was set as a diagnostic cutoff value. Considering the total of TIRADS TR4 and TIRADS TR5 as predictors of thyroid malignancy, the sensitivity was 74.5% and the specificity was 76.8%. The positive and negative predictive value was 60.3% and 76.8%. ACR-TIRADS 4 and 5 can be considered good predictors of malignancy in thyroid nodules. More studies, including larger samples, are required to obtain a better conclusion.