Abstract
Active tectonics in the south part of Alborz Mountain (Iran) has greatly influenced the drainage system and geomorphic expressions. The metropolis of Tehran is located at the southern foothills of the Alborz Mountains at the abrupt topographic boundary between the mountain range and the northern border of the central Kavir Desert. The presence of active faults and tectonic activity, threatens the area and shows the vulnerability of this Tehran city. So the evaluation of active tectonics of Tehran City is necessary because of vast human activity, which has hidden geomorphic feature. Active tectonics of Tehran City was evaluated by using Digital elevation model (DEM) derived drainage network and three geomorphic indices basin (asymmetry factor (AF), basin shape index (Bs) and mountain front sinuosity (Smf)). The average of the three measured geomorphic indices was used to evaluate the distribution of relative tectonic activity in the study area. Furthermore to overcome some inevitable error in this method, field investigation was carried out also remote sense was studied, and finally the obtained results were compared with existing seismic data. The result confirms that the East South, East North and West North Tehran have high rate of relative tectonic activity (RTA) respectively.
Highlights
Tectonic geomorphology is the study of landforms that result from tectonism and the interaction between tectonic and geomorphic processes and can distinguish the timing and distribution of events have occurred over thousands of years in the mountain fronts
By using geographic information systems (GIS) and remote sensing data (DEM and imagery), these indices can be used as a reconnaissance tool to notice the geomorphic anomalies that are related to tectonic activity
For evaluation of Drainage Basin Asymmetry factor and Drainage Basin Shape Index, A Drainage network map was produced by using of digital elevation model (DEM) and different indices were analyzed in 13 sub-basins
Summary
Landscapes in tectonically active Alborz Mountains are the result of complex in-. The active processes have an important role for making the shape of the drainage pattern in tectonically active regions and control drainage geometry and river deflections; basin asymmetries are responsible for accelerated river incision [3]. The high populated Tehran in the southern domain of the Alborz Mountains is the eastern branch of the Alpine-Himalayan orogeny in Iran. This megacity is located near seismically active faults in the north, [4] [5]. The study area has been developed on recent alluvial deposits originating from the rising of Alborz Range, accumulated on hard rock through complex geological formations [6]
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