Abstract
Ara Sungsang (Asystasia gangetica (L.) T. Anderson) is a perennial creeper that grows rapidly and widely in various regions. The aim of this study was to evaluate different environmental condition on plant morphology, biomass production and quality as forage. This research was conducted from August 2017 to March 2018 at Purwakarta, Sumedang, Lebak and Bogor. Morphological traits were observed from 10 different plants while biomass production and nutrient quality were sampled through 4 plots with sample size was 50 cm x 50 cm. The measured parameters were plant length; leaves length, width and number; branches number, fresh and dry weight; and nutrient content. Data were analyzed by ANOVA Matrix Unbalance used software R-3.3.2., then the significant results analyzed by Duncan. The results showed that ara sungsang length was 41-250 cm, branches number was 9-38, leaves number was 39-100, 3-5 cm width and 7-13 cm length. The nutrient analysis resulted that dry matter was 19.84% -26.87%, crude protein was10.90%-35.17%, crude fat was 0.78%-4.71%, crude fiber was 10.22%-48.97% and nitrogen free extract was 31.99%-54.21%
Highlights
Plant morphological samples were observed in 10 different plants, while biomass production was taken at 4 sampling points in each region using the 0.5 m x 0.5 m quadrant
The data obtained were analyzed by Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) Matrix Unbalance by software R-3.3.2., the significantly different variables were further tested by the Duncan test
The results showed that ara sungsang length was 41-250 cm, branches number was 9-38, leaves number was 39-100, 3-5 cm and 7-13 cm of leaf width and length respectively
Summary
Kondisi Umum Pengambilan sampel Asystasia gangetica dilakukan di empat wilayah kabupaten di Jawa Barat dan Banten yaitu di Desa Mekarjaya, Kecamatan Kiara Pedes, Kabupaten Purwakarta; Desa Babakan, Kecamatan Dramaga, Kabupaten Bogor; Desa Hariang, Kecamatan Buah Dua, Kabupaten Sumedang dan Desa Kanekes, Kecamatan Leuwidamar, Kabupaten Lebak, Banten. Di wilayah pengambilan sampel memiliki kondisi cuaca dan iklim rata-rata tahunan yang dapat dilihat pada Tabel 1. Suhu rata-rata tahunan di Kabupaten Purwakarta dan Sumedang lebih tinggi dibandingkan Bogor dan Lebak, kondisi ini dapat dilihat terkait dengan lama penyinaran yang lebih pendek. Berbeda dengan pola kelembaban udara yang lebih tinggi di Kabupaten Purwakarta dan Bogor sedangkan di Sumedang dan Lebak kondisi lingkungan lebih kering. Pengambilan sampel di desa Cikabayan, Babakan, Dramaga Kabupaten Bogor berada dalam areal perkebunan kelapa sawit dengan tingkat naungan rata-rata 80%. Tingkat naungan di bawah pohon singkong memiliki tingkat naungan rata-rata 30% dan dibawah naungan pohon pisang dengan tingkat naungan rata-rata 35%. Pengambilan sampel di Sumedang di tepi jalan dengan naungan pohon albasia dan pohon jati dengan tingkat naungan rata-rata yaitu sebesar 75%. Pengambilan sampel penelitian di Lebak di bawah naungan pohon albasia dan pohon pisang. Tabel 1 Kondisi cuaca dan iklim rata-rata tahunan di berbagai wilayah pengambilan sampel
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