Evaluación de una intervención comunitaria para incrementar la cobertura vacunal de la gripe en mujeres embarazadas

Abstract

ObjectiveTo know the impact of the educational intervention carried out on the professionals of a basic health area and their community participation group, which make up the intervention group (IG), and to analyze its repercussion on the vaccination coverage achieved for influenza in the risk group (pregnant and puerperal women) comparing it with its neighboring basic zone, which makes up the control group (CG), during the 2019/20 vaccination season. DesignQuasi-experimental study of community intervention. SiteTwo basic health zones belonging to the Elche-Crevillente health department, Spain. ParticipantsPregnant and postpartum women from 2 basic health areas and the community participation group. Health professionals directly related to the flu vaccination campaign. InterventionsTraining session for the IG prior to the 2019/20 flu campaign. Main measurementsAttitudes towards influenza vaccination in health professionals through the validated CAPSVA questionnaire and the vaccination coverage of pregnant and postpartum women through the Nominal Vaccine Registry and their acceptance of the vaccine in the midwife's office. ResultsThe influenza vaccination coverage data recorded in Nominal Vaccine Registry for pregnant and puerperal women was 26.4% (n=207) in the IG and 19.7% (n=144) in the CG (p=0.001), with an incidence ratio of 1.34, thus achieving 34% more vaccination in the IG. Acceptance for vaccination in the midwife's office was also high, with 96.5% immunization in IG vs. 89.0% in CG, with a RR=1.09 (95% CI 1.01-1.62). ConclusionsJoint training strategies for professionals and community assets improve the results of vaccination coverage.