Evaluación de la tinción de Hucker para la búsqueda rutinaria de Campylobacter sp en el estudio de un síndrome diarreico agudo

Abstract

Campylobacter infection is one of the most frequent causes of gastroenteritis in the world and the third in Chile according to some studies. The routinary culture for Campylobacter in our country is not performed because of its high cost, and it is known, that the Hucker stain is a reasonable screening alternative. The objective of this study was to know the utility of the Hucker stain and estimate the frequency of Campylobacter in stool samples. A total of 5,750 stool samples received in the Catholic University Health Net Microbiology Laboratories, from March 2002 to May 2004, were studied with conventional stool culture and Hucker stain. In order to validate the Hucker stain with culture, during one month, all the stool samples were also studied with Campylobacter culture, with 35% sensitivity and 100% specificity. In 115/5.750 samples (2%), curved bacilli suggesting Campylobacter were observed by Hucker stain, and another 233 enteropathogens (4%) which corresponded to: 151 Salmonella sp, 55 Shigella sp, 25 enterohemorrhagic E coli, and 2 Yersinia sp were isolated. When analyzing the patients in whom the Hucker stain was positive, 62.2% were younger than 5 years and of these, 63.8% were infants. We conclude that the Hucker stain is a simple and specific method, although not very sensitive, that allows us to increase the yield of diagnosing enteric pathogens in a 33%. Campylobacter sp was in the second place after Salmonella sp in stool samples, and most frequent in young children. The active search for Campylobacter by means of culture is fundamental in the diagnosis of acute diarrhea.