Abstract
espanolEl presente articulo presenta el analisis del vertimiento de curtiembres en Villapinzon (Cundinamarca, Colombia) y propone un sistema de electrocoagulacion para la minimizacion de contaminantes (principalmente metales pesados) vertidos directamente a los cuerpos de agua. Las descargas directas al Rio Bogota (tramo Villapinzon-Choconta) sin previo tratamiento generan afectaciones en la calidad de los cuerpos de agua, ademas de afectar la salud de la poblacion. Por ende, para este estudio se diagnostico el estado actual de los vertimientos en el Rio Bogota. Adicionalmente, se llevo a cabo una busqueda de informacion acerca del proceso de electrocoagulacion, la cual sirvio de base para el diseno e implementacion a escala laboratorio con las muestras del vertimiento de una curtiembre del sector a analizar. Despues de la implementacion del sistema se obtienen los siguientes porcentajes de remocion: Cr (52,8 %), dqo (36 %), nitritos (99,6 %), nitratos (99,4 %), sulfatos (92,9 %) y fosfatos (99,1 %). Estos parametros fueron evaluados de acuerdo con la normativa vigente (Resolucion 0631 de 2015 del Ministerio de Ambiente y Desarrollo Sostenible) y el acuerdo 08 del 2004 de la car, donde 6 de 10 parametros se ajustaron a la normativa. De esta manera, se concluye que el sistema de electrocoagulacion es una alternativa viable como tratamiento no convencional para el tratamiento de aguas residuales industriales de curtiembre, contribuyendo asi a la disminucion de los impactos generados a la cuenca alta del Rio Bogota. EnglishThis article presents the analysis of the shedding of tanneries in Villapinzon (Cundinamarca, Colombia) and proposes an electrocoagulation system for the minimization of pollutants (mainly heavy metals) discharged directly to the bodies of water. Direct discharges to the Bogota River (Villapinzon-Choconta section) without prior treatment generate effects on the quality of water bodies, in addition to affecting the health of the population. Therefore, for this study, the current state of the discharges in the Bogota River was diagnosed. Additionally, an information search was conducted on the electrocoagulation process. This search served as the basis for the design and implementation of the laboratory-scale electrocoagulator model with the samples of the shedding of a tannery in the sector to be analyzed. After the implementation of the system, the following removal percentages are obtained: Cr (52.8%), cod (36%), nitrites (99.6%), nitrates (99.4%), sulfates (92.9%) and phosphates (99.1%). These parameters were evaluated in accordance with current regulations (Resolution 0631 of 2015 of the Ministry of Environment and Sustainable Development) and agreement 08 of 2004 by the car, where 6 out of 10 parameters were adjusted to the regulations. Thus, it is concluded that the electrocoagulation system is a viable alternative as an unconventional treatment for the treatment of tannery industrial wastewater, thus contributing to the reduction of the impacts generated to the upper Bogota River basin.
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