EVALUACIÓN DE AMPLIFICACIÓN CRUZADA DE MICROSATÉLITES PARA ESTUDIOS DE GENÉTICA POBLACIONAL DEL CAZÓN ANTILLANO RHIZOPRIONODON POROSUS (CARCHARHINIDAE) EN EL CARIBE COLOMBIANO

Abstract

The Caribbean sharpnose shark, Rhizoprionodon porosus is an important resource for artisanal small-scale fisheries. It is one of the most abundant coastal sharks within its distribution range, and plays an important role as a predator in coastal marine ecosystems. For its coastal habits, it is susceptible to intensive extraction, especially the juveniles. To accomplish proper management and conservation of exploited Rhizoprionodon populations, knowledge about its genetic diversity and its population structure within their distribution range is needed. The ability of heterologous primers developed for other requiem sharks to amplify microsatellite molecular markers in R. porosus was tested in this study (cross amplification). The change in allele frequency of four microsatellite loci served to assess the genetic structure of R. porosus in the Colombian Caribbean. Analysis of molecular variance Amova and population structure analysis using the Фst statistical of genotype frequencies indicate low but significant genetic differentiation among R. porosus from the departments analyzed (Фst (3,165) = 0.002; p = 0.000). Besides, the analysis of pairs of departments indicates that there is significant genetic differentiation among La Guajira and the other samples analyzed of the Antillean sharpnose shark (all p values = 0.000). The information obtained helps to understand the dynamics of natural populations of the Caribbean sharpnose shark, serving as a baseline for the formulation, development of conservation strategies and management of this fishery resource; however, due the low number of heterologous loci useful for population genetics studies, research efforts on the development of specific markers for the species should be done for further population genetic studies of this species.