Evaluación clínica y radiográfica de la técnica de distracción osteogénica en la reconstrucción de rebordes alveolares atróficos en la región anterior del maxilar superior

Abstract

This study evaluates clinically and radiographically the distraction osteogenesis technique for the reconstruction of atrophic alveolar ridges in the anterior maxilla region, and the possible complications that arise during treatment. Fifteen patients were evaluated, clinically and radiographically, that had been treated with alveolar distraction osteogenesis in the anterior region, using a juxta-osseous distractor. In 13 patients (86.6%) the technique was completely successful, there being an effective bone gain of 7,04 mm. In 1 patient (6.66%) this was partial (2.62 mm) and in 1 patient (6.66%) the technique failed, as there was a gain of just 0,76 mm because of problems during the activation. The complications arising during the alveolar distraction osteogenesis were divided into minor complications that did not compromise the success of the technique, and which were found in 8 patients (53.33%), and major complications that did not permit rehabilitation, which were found in 1 patient (6.66%). The alveolar distraction osteogenesis technique proved to be an effective technique for the reconstruction of atrophic alveolar ridges with a success rate of 93.33%. There were minor complications but the surgeon intervened in time and these were solved.