Evaluación a medio plazo de una intervención educativa en hábitos alimentarios y de actividad física en escolares: estudio Avall 2

Abstract

ObjectiveTo assess whether the benefits seen in nutrition, physical activity. and body mass index were maintained at 2 years of completion of the educational intervention. Material and methodsAn experimental, longitudinal, 4-year, two-arm, parallel study with cluster randomization to assess an intervention program aimed at children in their first year of primary schooling attending schools in the city of Granollers. Intervention consisted of promoting healthy dietary habits and increasing physical activity through the educational pedagogy Investigation, Vision, Action and Change (IVAC), applied over 2 school years (2006-2008). Weight and height of each child wee measured in situ, and families self-completed a physical activity survey and the Krece Plus quick test in 2006, 2008, and 2010. ResultsA greater increase in body mass index was seen in 2010 in children from the control group (2.84 ± 0.22 vs 1.96 ± 0.163kg/m2, <.001). Prevalence of overweight and obesity increased by 8% and 0.5% respectively in schoolchildren in the control group, while the intervention group showed a 5.3% increase in prevalence of overweight and a 3.6%decrease in prevalence of obesity. Prevalence of excess weight therefore increased by 8.5% in the control group and by 1.8% in the intervention group.Reduction in body mass indexincrease was maintained 2 years after completion of educational intervention regardless of sex, origin, maternal obesity, and educational level of parents. ConclusionsThese results confirm that school-based interventions may help contain the current increase in childhood obesity.