Abstract

Korean Abstract: 글로벌 금융위기 이후, 국제적으로는 물론 각국 국내적으로도 감독개혁이 진행 중이다. 개혁 논의는 내용상 감독실질의 개혁과 감독체계(감독지배구조)의 개혁으로 대별된다. 이 글은 특히 미국·영국·EU에서 진행 중인 국내적 차원의 감독체계 개혁론을 각각 분석·비교한다. 이들 나라(지역)의 정부(관련 당국)는 각기 자국의 사회·문화적 전통과 정치·경제적 상황에 적합한 감독모형의 선택과 거시건전성 감독방식의 설계를 위해 공개적으로 법률 및 제도 개혁을 적극 추진중이다. 한국은 어떠한가? 한은법 개정안이 제한적·정치적으로 논의되었을 뿐, 감독체계 개혁 논의 자체가 미미하다. 그러나 한국에서는 위기 훨씬 전부터 감독체계의 구조적 왜곡과 불량지배구조 문제가 방치되어 왔었다. 차제에 이 문제를 포함하여 감독체계 전반에 대한 재검토와 그에 따른 개혁이 시급하다. 이 글은 한은법 개정안 등 최근의 논의 경과를 검토한 후, 보다 근본적 감독체계개편이 절실한 이유를 조명하고, 금융감독 개혁을 설계·주도할 선진국형 민간위원회의 설치를 제안한다. English Abstract: In the aftermath of the global financial crisis, efforts to reform financial supervision have been made both globally and domestically. Discussions have been held concerning regulatory substance as well as regulatory governance which include the institutional structure of financial supervision. This paper reviews and compares such discussions on institutional structure that have evolved in the United States, the United Kingdom, and the European Union. Their discussions generally focus on the choice of the supervisory model and the design of the macro-prudential supervisory arrangement. In contrast, Korea has seen little or no such discussion except for some debate on amending the Bank of Korea Act. In fact, structural distortions and bad regulatory governance has prevailed here from around the time of the turn of the 21th century. Reviewing the financial supervisory system as a whole and reforming it accordingly is thus urgently called for. This paper reviews the recent debate on the Bank of Korea Act, and further proves the case for the comprehensive reform of the system of financial supervision in Korea. It also highlights the need to set up an inquiry, (along the lines of the) (favorably comparable to the) Wallis Inquiry of Australia in the mid-19990s, which, being made up exclusively of private-sector experts and scholars, will take the lead in pursuing that financial supervisory reform.

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