Abstract
Eustachian Valve Endocarditis (EVE) has been considered an extremely rare clinical entity and only 26 adult cases have been reported in literature. Eustachian valve (EV) is an embryological remnant of the sinus venosus, redirecting oxy-genated fetal blood from inferior vena cava across foramen ovale and left atrium. In adults it is considered a benign rudimentary structure and its persistence is uncommon. Only 4% of the population presents a visible and redundant EV by echocardiography. Up to 10% of infective endocarditis (IE) are right sided and occurs predominantly in patients with predisposing factors as intravenous drug abusers, permanent pacemaker wires, central venous lines, or immunologic disorders, predominantly in tricuspid valve, but with a reported incidence up to 3.3% of EVE. Vast majority of EVE are due to S. aureus in 53%-90% cases. We strongly recommend analysing the EV when echocardiography is performed in a patient suspected of having IE, irrespective of whether vegetation in another valve is found. In this case report we describe the first EVE related to Staphylococcus epidermidis in a 35-year-old male with permanent Shaldon-catheter.
Highlights
Eustachian Valve Endocarditis (EVE) has been considered an extremely rare clinical entity, since 1986, when Edwards et al [1] reported the first case description, and only 26 adult cases have been reported in literature [2].Eustachian valve (EV) is an embryological remnant of the sinus venosus, redirecting oxygenated fetal blood from inferior vena cava across foramen ovale and left atrium
Up to 10% of infective endocarditis (IE) are right sided and occurs predominantly in patients with predisposing factors as intravenous drug abusers, permanent pacemaker wires, central venous lines, or immunologic disorders, predominantly in tricuspid valve, but with a reported incidence up to 3.3% of EVE
In this case report we describe the first EVE related to Staphylococcus epidermidis in a 35-year-old male with permanent Shaldon-catheter
Summary
Eustachian Valve Endocarditis (EVE) has been considered an extremely rare clinical entity, since 1986, when Edwards et al [1] reported the first case description, and only 26 adult cases have been reported in literature [2]. Eustachian valve (EV) is an embryological remnant of the sinus venosus, redirecting oxygenated fetal blood from inferior vena cava across foramen ovale and left atrium. In adults it is considered a benign rudimentary structure. Right sided infective endocarditis (IE) occurs predominantly in patients with predisposing factors as intravenous drug abuse (IDA), pacemaker/defibrillator wires, permanent central venous lines or immunologic disorders, involving the tricuspid valve the vast majority of cases. In this case report we describe the first EVE related to Staphylococcus epidermidis
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