Eustachian Tube Function Test

Abstract

Eustachian tube dysfunction (ETD) is a common condition in clinical otolaryngology practice. The eustachian tube (ET) is the only pathway connecting the middle ear cavity and the nasopharynx, and has a ventilation function to equalize the pressure of the middle ear and the atmosphere, a discharge function of middle ear secretions into the nasopharynx, and a defense function to prevent reflux from the nasopharynx. The most important function of the ET is to maintain a consistent middle ear air pressure for efficient sound transmission. Various methods have been used to measure the physiological function of ET. Traditional methods include the Valsalva, Toynbee, and Politzer test. Physiological methods include the 9-step Bluestone inflation-deflation test and sonotubometry. Evaluation of ETD using questionnaires is also being conducted, and currently, imaging tests are also conducted to evaluate the structure of ET. However, no standard protocols have been established until now. In this article, the types, methods, and advantages and disadvantages of the currently available ET function tests are introduced.