EUS-B-FNA vs conventional EUS-FNA for left adrenal gland analysis in lung cancer patients

Abstract

IntroductionIn patients with lung cancer, left adrenal glands (LAG) suspected for distant metastases (M1b) based on imaging require further evaluation for a definitive diagnosis. Tissue acquisition is regularly performed using conventional EUS-FNA. The aim of this study was to investigate the success rate of endoscopic ultrasound guided fine-needle aspiration using the EBUS scope (EUS-B-FNA) for LAG analysis. MethodsThis is a prospective multicenter study in consecutive patients with (suspected) lung cancer and suspected mediastinal and LAG metastases. Following complete mediastinal staging using the EBUS scope (EBUS+EUS-B), the LAG was evaluated and sampled by both EUS-B (experimental procedure) and conventional EUS (current standard of care). ResultsThe success rate for LAG analysis (visualized, sampled and adequate tissue obtained) was 89% (39/44; 95% CI 76–95%) for EUS-B-FNA, and 93% (41/44; 95%CI 82–98%) for EUS-FNA. In the absence of metastases at EUS-B and/or EUS, surgical verification of the LAG or 6 months clinical and radiological follow-up was obtained, but missing for 5 patients. The prevalence of LAG metastases was 54% (21/39). In patients in whom LAG was seen and sampled, sensitivity for LAG metastases was at least 87% (95%CI 65–97%) for EUS-B, and at least 83% (95%CI 62–95%) for conventional EUS. ConclusionLAG analysis by EUS-B shows a similar high success rate in comparison to conventional EUS. ImplicationBoth a mediastinal nodal and LAG evaluation can be adequately performed with just an EBUS scope and single endoscopist. This staging strategy is likely to reduce patient-burden and costs.