Abstract
The article presents an economic analysis of the state of municipal waste generation, utilization and recycling in the countries of the European Union and the Russian Federation. As a basis for the analysis, we used data on the 20 most representative countries that make a significant contribution to the formation of the main macroeconomic indicators of the EU. The results of the implementation of the EU environmental policy, the degree of reflection on the volume of trade in secondary raw materials, private investment in this sector, employment in the processing and recycling sectors, etc. are considered. In addition, a correlation analysis was carried out, which allowed us to determine the degree of dependence of waste disposal and recycling on various indicators, to identify the most significant of them and the main factor affecting the effectiveness of the country’s environmental policy.
Highlights
The issue of rational and efficient use of the total amount of material goods produced in the economy in order to reduce waste generation has become more and more acute for humanity
The intensity of waste generation is characterized by the ratio of waste generation and the level of economic development of the country
The hypothesis about the relationships between the variables that characterize the process of waste generation, processing, and disposal and the selected socio-economic indicators was tested by means of a correlation analysis
Summary
The issue of rational and efficient use of the total amount of material goods produced in the economy in order to reduce waste generation has become more and more acute for humanity. The disposal of municipal waste, by storing it in landfills, is a traditional way of disposal, which has long been abandoned in many countries Such disposal can lead to pollution and harmful effects on the environment and it does not comply with environmental regulations. For these purposes, it is necessary to adopt a comprehensive program of measures for the collection, processing, disposal, disposal of household garbage and monitor the results of these measures. The less waste generated in a country relative to the household consumption of materials used in the economy, the more successful the fight against this waste is. In Europe, which is coping well with the issue of processing all types of waste, the percentage of waste generation per household consumption is decreasing in many countries, and this is a positive trend. The decline in the share of waste generation over the past 15 years was 12.7% in Italy, 8.0% in Spain, and 2.6% in France. [2]
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