European hake (Merluccius merluccius, Linnaeus 1758) spillover analysis using VMS and landings data in a no-take zone in the northern Catalan coast (NW Mediterranean)

Abstract

The analysis of fish spillover from marine protected areas (MPA) is often based on data collected after the implementation of protection. In the present study we used a methodology based on the combination of Vessel Monitoring System (VMS) and landings data before and after the establishment of protection for spillover analysis. We defined areas of similar size to the protected zone in order to compare them over time. In addition to the no-take zone effectiveness, using this methodology, we were also able to analyze the spatiotemporal behavior of the hake population. Our results on the hake distribution were consistent with those of previous studies. The juveniles were concentrated on the continental shelf (0 - 200 m), whereas the adults were found over the shelf and the slope (300 - 500 m). We found evidence suggesting a positive spillover effect for the juveniles on the continental shelf, enhancing its fishing yields. The analysis of longer time series on the performance of the protected area combined with field sampling inside the no-take zone would lead us to confirm effective spillover effect contributing to fisheries’ long-term sustainability in this zone.