Abstract
This chapter describes the four phases of the eukaryotic cell cycle which occur generally as a continuous sequence, which includes the first gap (G1), synthesis (S), second gap (G2), and mitosis (M). It explains that phases G1, S, and G2 are called interphase as it is the period between successive mitotic divisions, while M is considered a major feature of the cell cycle during which chromosomes condense and move apart. It also discusses the variations on mitotic cell division, which include the variable abilities of cells to grow and divide in vivo, asymmetric cell division, differentiation, and meiosis. The chapter emphasizes the importance of precisely coordinating the different phases of the cell cycle in order to follow the correct sequence, wherein one phase is completed before the next begins. It refers to mitosis as a universal occurrence in eukaryotic organisms, suggesting that it arose at the base of the eukaryotic evolutionary stem.
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