Abstract
Euglossine bees as potential bio-indicators of coffee farms: Does forest access, on a seasonal basis, affect abundance?
Highlights
The onset of commercial agriculture and increasing urbanization has a considerable impact on natural ecosystems throughout the developing world
The most significant difference in abundance between the two farms was found in the studies during the wet season
The months of July and August are in the midst of the Costa Rican wet season
Summary
The onset of commercial agriculture and increasing urbanization has a considerable impact on natural ecosystems throughout the developing world. According to Humphries et al (1995), biological diversity around the world is being lost at 1 000 times the natural extinction rate as a result of the alteration of natural habitats, pollution, and natural habitat degradation caused by human activities This manipulation of the land is creating environmental disturbances that should be quantified. The International Federation of Organic Agricultural Movements (IFOAM) defined organic farming as agricultural systems that promote environmentally, socially, and economically sound production (Stolton et al 2000) These systems value local soil fertility within natural ecological cycles, and prohibit the use of synthetic chemical fertilizers, pesticides, and pharmaceuticals in an effort to limit harmful external inputs. They are long distance pollinators of low to middle-elevation plants across mainland tropical America, comprising 20-30 % of the bee community’s species in lowland forests
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