Abstract
The most common form of psycho-social dysfunction is anxiety with depression being related closely without any age bar. They are present with combined state of sadness, confusion, stress, fear etc. Glyoxalase system contains enzyme named glyoxalase 1 (GLO1).It is a metabolic pathway which detoxifies alpha-oxo-aldehydes, particularly methylglyoxal (MG). Methylglyoxal is mainly made by the breakdown of the glycolytic intermediates, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphates and dihydroxyacetone phosphate. Glyoxylase-1 expression is also related with anxiety behavior. A casual role or GLO-1 in anxiety behavior by using viral vectors for over expression in the anterior cingulate cortex was found and it was found that local GLO-1 over expression increased anxiety behavior. The present study deals with the molecular mechanism of protective activity of eugenol against anxiolytic disorder. A pre-clinical animal study was performed on 42 BALB/c mice. Animals were given stress through conventional restrain model. The mRNA expression of GLO-1 was analyzed by real time RT-PCR. Moreover, the GLO-1 protein expression was also examined by immunohistochemistry in whole brain and mean density was calculated. The mRNA and protein expressions were found to be increased in animals given anxiety as compared to the normal control. Whereas, the expressions were decreased in the animals treated with eugenol and its liposome-based nanocarriers in a dose dependent manner. However, the results were better in animals treated with nanocarriers as compared to the compound alone. It is concluded that the eugenol and its liposome-based nanocarriers exert anxiolytic activity by down-regulating GLO-1 protein expression in mice.
Highlights
The most common form of psycho-social dysfunction is anxiety (Andrews et al, 2000) with depression being related closely without any age bar
The main objective of this study was to assess the effects of eugenol and its liposome-based nano carrier onglyoxylase-1 in anxiety in vivo
In the animal group treated with eugenol at the dose of 50 mg/kg, the mRNA expression was 4.50 fold change as compared to the anxiety group (p
Summary
The most common form of psycho-social dysfunction is anxiety (Andrews et al, 2000) with depression being related closely without any age bar. The usage of natural plants as alternative medicine has been on the rise from lasts decade in order to treat many pathological situations because of safety, cost effectiveness, availability and easy to use or administration It has got attention for being used in the treatment of degenerative, neurological and psychiatric disorders due to less side effects (Singh et al, 2017). Eugenol is a 4-allyl-2-methoxyphenol.It is the main constituent of clove oil and tulsi which are derived from variety of sources of plants such as Myristica fragrans, Osimum sanctumLinn and Eugenia caryophyllus.In past eugenol has been used in dental care for relieving pain arises from different sources like dentinal hypersensitivity and pulpitis It is used as flavoring agent in sweets, beverages, frozen dairy products and baked food. It is effective in reversing the short and long term memory (Halder et al, 2011)
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