Abstract
The fivefold increase of the number of preferential trade agreements (PTAs) during the last quarter century has been largely explained by the discriminative nature of such agreements, which has triggered “competitive liberalization” and PTA formation among nonmembers through a domino effect. Based on the author's interviews with European Union (EU) trade officials and policy makers at the European Commission, this article evaluates EU trade policy developments during the last quarter century and lays out EU policy responses to the proliferation of PTAs in Latin America and East and Southeast Asia. The article concludes that the EU has adopted “defensive” and “proactive” trade policy responses in Latin America and East and Southeast Asia, thus augmenting the discriminative pressures and reinforcing the discrimination‐fueled proliferation of PTAs.Related Articles Gruber, Lloyd. 2013. “.” Politics & Policy 41 (): 723‐764. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com.ezp.biblio.unitn.it/doi/10.1111/polp.12034/abstract Collins, Stephen. 2010. “.” Politics & Policy 38 (): 737‐764. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1747-1346.2010.00256.x/abstract Kirshner, Orin. 2009. “.” Politics & Policy 37 (): 151‐176. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1747-1346.2008.00165.x/abstract Related Media . 2015. “Ink FTA with EU to Offset Adverse Impact of TPP on Textiles: Assocham.” The Economic Times. October 20. http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/articleshow/49467316.cms?utm_source=contentofinterest&utm_medium=text&utm_campaign=cppst Miller, Nick. 2015. “Australia‐Europe Free Trade Agreement Talks Could Start within Months.” The Sydney Morning Herald. October 15. http://www.smh.com.au/federal-politics/political-news/australiaeurope-free-trade-agreement-talks-could-start-within-months-20151014-gk9ch3.html#ixzz3pNxhixcG
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