Etiology and Treatment of Major Depressive Disorder - From a Psychodynamic Theory Perspective

Abstract

The purpose of this review article is to give an overview of how Psychodynamic Theory examines the etiology of Major Depressive Disorder and their corresponding therapeutic treatment. Method used in this article is literature review from Google Scholar and Elton B. Stephens Company (EBSCO) host database provided by The Ohio State University. Result explains the evolution of Psychodynamic Theory from Drive theory, to Ego Psychology, Object Relations, and Self Psychology. Moreover, the mechanisms and procedures of the therapies with good therapeutic effects are reviewed and analyzed. Specifically, psychodynamic therapy including Mindfulness-based Therapy, dream analysis, inkblot therapy, and Cognitive Behavior Therapy. As psychological therapy is test-effective, psychological approaches from interpretive pole to supportive pole with different modern therapy such as Cognitive Behavior Therapy and Mindfulness-based Therapy are being discussed. Risk factors that may lead to countertransference and discordant therapeutic relationships are presented. The present study provides suggestions for future research focusing on comorbidity of mental disorder. For treatment practice, this study emphasizes on culture difference and individual differences.